Sebaceous Carcinoma

Sebaceous carcinoma often develops on the eyelid as a painless, slow-growing lump. However, they may form on other parts of the body. Sebaceous carcinoma is difficult to diagnose because its symptoms mimic other, less serious eye conditions. Other signs and symptoms on the eyelid may include:

• Pimple-like growth
• Growth that bleeds
• Sore that will not heal
• Thickening, yellow or reddish crust in the eyelid

There’s a possible association between Muir-Torre syndrome (a rare, genetic condition) and sebaceous carcinoma. However, there are no clear causes for this cancer. It’s usually diagnosed in those over 50 years old. Other risk factors may include:

• Unprotected sun exposure
• Weakened immune system
• Previous radiation therapy to the head or neck

Since sebaceous carcinoma is often misdiagnosed, the average diagnosis is usually delayed 1-3 years. First, your doctor will learn your and your family’s medical history and perform a physical exam. Your doctor may refer you to a dermatologist (skin specialist). A dermatologist may perform a physical exam and also one or more of the following tests:

• Blood tests
• Skin examination 
• Eye examination by ophthalmologist (eye doctor)
• Biopsy (removing a tiny piece to tissue for examination

To learn how severe the cancer may be, your doctor will classify it by stage and grade.

Depending on the type for sebaceous carcinoma, treatment may include: 

• Surgery
• Radiation therapy
• Cryotherapy (cold therapy)
• Mohs surgery (specialized surgery that removes cancer from the skin in layers)

Your treatment will depend on age, overall health, cancer stage, cancer size and location, and other factors.